Cisco Basics

Introduction

In graphical mode it’s not too complicated, but in command line - oh boy - the PIX is challenging to configure!

It’s Cisco, so it uses proprietary commands but with a touch of Unix. For example, the grep command works :-)

Let’s get started. Connect and enter your password.

The Basics

  • Switch to enable mode to get admin privileges:
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en
  • Then a show running-config to see the current configuration:
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sh run
  • Once you’ve viewed the configuration and decided to add something, do a configure terminal:
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conf t
  • To exit the current mode:
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Ctrl+z or exit
  • Are you sure? Then save to memory (write memory):
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wr m

Adding and Removing Commands

  • To add a NAT rule for example, copy the existing lines, then copy/paste:
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static (dmz,outside) tcp 193.252.19.3 2099 SRV-FRONT 2099 netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0
  • To delete this rule:
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no static (dmz,outside) tcp 193.252.19.3 2099 SRV-FRONT 2099 netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0

Adding an Admin User

To add a Cisco admin user:

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username login password pass privilege 15

Creating an Address Pool for the Client

Here’s an example of creating an address pool for client access:

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name CLIENT_IP VANLANSCHOT_TEST
name CLIENT_IP VANLANSCHOT_PROD
object-group network VANLANSCHOT_RANGE
 network-object VANLANSCHOT_TEST 255.255.255.255
 network-object VANLANSCHOT_PROD 255.255.255.255
access-list radianz_access_in permit tcp object-group VANLANSCHOT_RANGE host LOCAL_SERVER_IP eq 9024
pdm location VANLANSCHOT_TEST 255.255.255.255 radianz
pdm location VANLANSCHOT_PROD 255.255.255.255 radianz
route radianz VANLANSCHOT_TEST 255.255.255.255 GATEWAY_IP 1
route radianz VANLANSCHOT_PROD 255.255.255.255 GATEWAY_IP 1

VPN Setup

Introduction

To create a VPN, you need:

  • The remote IP of the person and their local IP/local network through which they will connect.
  • Ask the person if they want the shared key system (pre-shared key)?
  • Provide this type of encryption: DES-MD5 - Group 2

Creation 

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# Access List
# Enter the client's local IPs
access-list inside_outbound_nat0_acl permit ip host OUR_LOCAL_IP host CLIENT_LOCAL_IP
access-list outside_cryptomap_240 permit ip host OUR_LOCAL_IP host CLIENT_LOCAL_IP

# IPSec Encryption
#crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-MD5 esp-3des esp-md5-hmac 
 
# Crypto Map Configuration 
# This is the line that reads the policy
# Check if 240 exists, otherwise add +
crypto map outside_map 240 ipsec-isakmp
crypto map outside_map 240 match address outside_cryptomap_240
#crypto map outside_map 240 set pfs group2
crypto map outside_map 240 set peer CLIENT_ROUTER_IP
crypto map outside_map 240 set transform-set ESP-3DES-MD5
#crypto map outside_map 240 set security-association lifetime seconds 86400 kilobytes 10000
#crypto map outside_map interface outside

# ISAKMP Pre-Shared Key
# Enter the shared key here
#isakmp enable outside
isakmp key PRE-SHARED_KEY address CLIENT_ROUTER_IP netmask 255.255.255.255 no-xauth no-config-mode 
#isakmp identity address

# ISAKMP Encryption
# Add if it doesn't exist
isakmp policy 160 authentication pre-share
isakmp policy 160 encryption 3des
isakmp policy 160 hash md5
isakmp policy 160 group 2
isakmp policy 160 lifetime 86400

In case of conflicts between networks, it may be necessary to NAT our network. For this, don’t create the access-list inside_outbound_nat0_acl but add the following lines:

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access-list nat_to_customer permit ip host OUR_LOCAL_IP host CLIENT_LOCAL_IP
static (inside,outside) OUR_NATED_IP access-list nat_to_customer 0 0

Enabling Debug Mode for VPN 

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debug crypto isakmp
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debug crypto ipsec

Add “2” at the end of the line to increase the debug level.

Be sure to disable debug mode when finished as it consumes resources.

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no debug crypto isakmp
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no debug crypto ipsec

Closing a VPN Connection

Enter configuration mode and execute the following command:

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clear crypto sa peer ip_address_of_the_remote_host
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Last updated 08 Nov 2006, 10:33 CET. history